38 ALICE Collaboration ALI DTL CIT EXM ALICE@CERN 10.17182/HEPDATA.128138 English CERN-LHC. Neutral pion (π$^0$) and η meson production cross sections were measured up to unprecedentedly high transverse momenta (p$_T$) in p–Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 8.16TeV. The mesons were reconstructed via their two-photon decay channel in the rapidity interval −1.3 < y < 0.3 in the ranges of 0.4 < p$_T$ < 200 GeV/c and 1.0 < p$_T$ < 50 GeV/c, respectively. The respective nuclear modification factor (R$_{pPb}$) is presented for p$_T$ up to of 200 and 30 GeV/c, where the former was achieved by extending the π$^0$ measurement in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8TeV using the merged cluster technique. The values of R$_{pPb}$ are below unity for p$_T$ < 10 GeV/c, while they are consistent with unity for p$_T$ > 10 GeV/c, leaving essentially no room for final state energy loss. The new data provide strong constraints for nuclear parton distribution and fragmentation functions over a broad kinematic range and are compared to model predictions as well as previous results at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02TeV. Journal Article GSI record: GSI-2023-00137 ; PUB:(DE-HGF)32, ; 26, ; Dataset 2022 GSI-2023-00191 2022 https://repository.gsi.de/record/250990 https://doi.org/10.17182/HEPDATA.128138