%0 Journal Article
%A Volz, Lennart
%A Graeff, Christian
%A Durante, Marco
%A Collins-Fekete, Charles-Antoine
%T Focus stacking single-event particle radiography for high spatial resolution images and 3D feature localization.
%J Physics in medicine and biology
%V 69
%N 2
%@ 0031-9155
%C Bristol
%I IOP Publ.
%M GSI-2024-00172
%P 024001
%D 2024
%Z PMID: 38056016. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence
%X Objective.We demonstrate a novel focus stacking technique to improve spatial resolution of single-event particle radiography (pRad), and exploit its potential for 3D feature detection.Approach.Focus stacking, used typically in optical photography and microscopy, is a technique to combine multiple images with different focal depths into a single super-resolution image. Each pixel in the final image is chosen from the image with the largest gradient at that pixel's position. pRad data can be reconstructed at different depths in the patient based on an estimate of each particle's trajectory (called distance-driven binning; DDB). For a given feature, there is a depth of reconstruction for which the spatial resolution of DDB is maximal. Focus stacking can hence be applied to a series of DDB images reconstructed from a single pRad acquisition for different depths, yielding both a high-resolution projection and information on the features' radiological depth at the same time. We demonstrate this technique with Geant4 simulated pRads of a water phantom (20 cm thick) with five bone cube inserts at different depths (1 × 1 × 1 cm3) and a lung cancer patient.Main results.For proton radiography of the cube phantom, focus stacking achieved a median resolution improvement of 136
%K depth detection (Other)
%K focus stacking (Other)
%K ion imaging (Other)
%K particle imaging (Other)
%K particle radiography (Other)
%K proton imaging (Other)
%K spatial resolution (Other)
%K DDB (NLM Chemicals)
%K Protons (NLM Chemicals)
%F PUB:(DE-HGF)16
%9 Journal Article
%$ pmid:38056016
%U <Go to ISI:>//WOS:001139761800001
%R 10.1088/1361-6560/ad131a
%U https://repository.gsi.de/record/348126