TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ulrich-Pur, Felix
AU  - Bergauer, Thomas
AU  - Galatyuk, Tetyana
AU  - Hirtl, Albert
AU  - Kausel, Matthias
AU  - Kedych, Vadym
AU  - Kis, Mladen
AU  - Kozymka, Yevhen
AU  - Krüger, Wilhelm
AU  - Linev, Sergey
AU  - Michel, Jan
AU  - Pietraszko, Jerzy
AU  - Rost, Adrian
AU  - Schmidt, Christian Joachim
AU  - Traeger, Michael
AU  - Traxler, Michael
TI  - First experimental time-of-flight-based proton radiography using low gain avalanche diodes
JO  - Physics in medicine and biology
VL  - 69
IS  - arXiv:2312.15027
SN  - 0031-9155
CY  - Bristol
PB  - IOP Publ.
M1  - GSI-2024-00522
M1  - arXiv:2312.15027
SP  - 075031
PY  - 2024
N1  - Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
AB  - Ion computed tomography (iCT) is an imaging modality for the direct determination of the relative stopping power (RSP) distribution within a patient's body. Usually, this is done by estimating the path and energy loss of ions traversing the scanned volume via a tracking system and a separate residual energy detector. This study, on the other hand, introduces the first experimental study of a novel iCT approach based on time-of-flight (TOF) measurements, the so-called Sandwich TOF-iCT concept, which in contrast to any other iCT system, does not require a residual energy detector for the RSP determination. A small TOF-iCT demonstrator was built based on low gain avalanche diodes (LGAD), which are 4D-tracking detectors that allow to simultaneously measure the particle position and time-of-arrival with a precision better than 100um and 100ps, respectively. Using this demonstrator, the material and energy-dependent TOF was measured for several homogeneous PMMA slabs in order to calibrate the acquired TOF against the corresponding water equivalent thickness (WET). With this calibration, two proton radiographs (pRad) of a small aluminium stair phantom were recorded at MedAustron using 83 and 100.4MeV protons. Due to the simplified WET calibration models used in this very first experimental study of this novel approach, the difference between the measured and theoretical WET ranged between 37.09 and 51.12
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - pmid:38471178
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:001193164500001
DO  - DOI:10.1088/1361-6560/ad3326
UR  - https://repository.gsi.de/record/349931
ER  -