000353131 001__ 353131 000353131 005__ 20250717224050.0 000353131 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.12.042 000353131 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a0360-3016 000353131 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1879-355X 000353131 0247_ $$2datacite_doi$$a10.15120/GSI-2024-00796 000353131 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:162613288 000353131 0247_ $$2pmid$$apmid:38163521 000353131 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:001263754200001 000353131 037__ $$aGSI-2024-00796 000353131 041__ $$aEnglish 000353131 082__ $$a610 000353131 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSalomon, Nadja$$b0$$eCorresponding author 000353131 245__ $$aCarbon Ion and Photon Radiation Therapy Show Enhanced Antitumoral Therapeutic Efficacy With Neoantigen RNA-LPX Vaccines in Preclinical Colon Carcinoma Models 000353131 260__ $$aAmsterdam [u.a.]$$bElsevier Science$$c2024 000353131 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000353131 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000353131 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1752758698_898618 000353131 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000353131 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000353131 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000353131 500__ $$a This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) 000353131 520__ $$aPersonalized liposome-formulated mRNA vaccines (RNA-LPX) are a powerful new tool in cancer immunotherapy. In preclinical tumor models, RNA-LPX vaccines are known to achieve potent results when combined with conventional X-ray radiation therapy (XRT). Densely ionizing radiation used in carbon ion radiation therapy (CIRT) may induce distinct effects in combination with immunotherapy compared with sparsely ionizing X-rays.Within this study, we investigate the potential of CIRT and isoeffective doses of XRT to mediate tumor growth inhibition and survival in murine colon adenocarcinoma models in conjunction with neoantigen (neoAg)-specific RNA-LPX vaccines encoding both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I- and class II-restricted tumor-specific neoantigens. We characterize tumor immune infiltrates and antigen-specific T cell responses by flow cytometry and interferon-γ enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) analyses, respectively.NeoAg RNA-LPX vaccines significantly potentiate radiation therapy-mediated tumor growth inhibition. CIRT and XRT alone marginally prime neoAg-specific T cell responses detected in the tumors but not in the blood or spleens of mice. Infiltration and cytotoxicity of neoAg-specific T cells is strongly driven by RNA-LPX vaccines and is accompanied by reduced expression of the inhibitory markers PD-1 and Tim-3 on these cells. The neoAg RNA-LPX vaccine shows similar overall therapeutic efficacy in combination with both CIRT and XRT, even if the physical radiation dose is lower for carbon ions than for X-rays.We hence conclude that the combination of CIRT and neoAg RNA-LPX vaccines is a promising strategy for the treatment of radioresistant tumors. 000353131 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF4-633$$a633 - Life Sciences – Building Blocks of Life: Structure and Function (POF4-633)$$cPOF4-633$$fPOF IV$$x0 000353131 536__ $$0G:(DE-Ds200)SUC-GSI-DA$$aSUC-GSI-Darmstadt - Strategic university cooperation GSI-TU Darmstadt (SUC-GSI-DA)$$cSUC-GSI-DA$$x1 000353131 536__ $$0G:(Ds200)GSI-FAIR-Phase-0$$aFAIR Phase-0 - FAIR Phase-0 Research Program (GSI-FAIR-Phase-0)$$cGSI-FAIR-Phase-0$$x2 000353131 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef, Journals: repository.gsi.de 000353131 650_7 $$2NLM Chemicals$$aCancer Vaccines 000353131 650_7 $$2NLM Chemicals$$aAntigens, Neoplasm 000353131 650_7 $$2NLM Chemicals$$aLiposomes 000353131 650_7 $$2NLM Chemicals$$amRNA Vaccines 000353131 650_7 $$2NLM Chemicals$$aRNA, Messenger 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAnimals 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aColonic Neoplasms: radiotherapy 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aColonic Neoplasms: immunology 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMice 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCancer Vaccines: therapeutic use 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCancer Vaccines: immunology 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAntigens, Neoplasm: immunology 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHeavy Ion Radiotherapy: methods 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPhotons: therapeutic use 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aFemale 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAdenocarcinoma: radiotherapy 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAdenocarcinoma: immunology 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCombined Modality Therapy: methods 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aLiposomes 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$amRNA Vaccines: therapeutic use 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCell Line, Tumor 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aImmunotherapy: methods 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aRNA, Messenger 000353131 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMice, Inbred C57BL 000353131 693__ $$0EXP:(DE-Ds200)SBio08_Salomon-20200803$$1EXP:(DE-Ds200)HTM-20200803$$5EXP:(DE-Ds200)SBio08_Salomon-20200803$$aHTM$$eSBio08_Salomon: Combined carbon ion radiotherapy and cancer vaccines in a subcutaneous murine MC38 adenocarcinoma model (POF3-315; 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