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@ARTICLE{Koch:356907,
      author       = {Koch, Volker and Marczenko, Micha?? and Redlich, Krzysztof
                      and Sasaki, Chihiro},
      title        = {{F}luctuations and correlations of baryonic chiral
                      partners},
      journal      = {Physical review / D},
      volume       = {109},
      issn         = {2470-0010},
      address      = {Ridge, NY},
      publisher    = {American Physical Society},
      reportid     = {GSI-2025-00287, arXiv:2308.15794},
      pages        = {014033},
      year         = {2024},
      note         = {Published by the American Physical Society under the terms
                      ofthe Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
                      license. Further distribution of this work must maintain
                      attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s
                      title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3},
      abstract     = {The exploration of critical phenomena in phase transitions
                      of strongly interacting matter governed by quantum
                      chromodynamics (QCD) is one of the goals of present
                      ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collision experiments at BNL and
                      CERN. The key research direction is to locate the putative
                      critical point on the phase diagram of QCD linked to the
                      chiral symmetry restoration at finite temperature and/or
                      density. One of the main theoretical tools used for this
                      purpose is the fluctuations of conserved charges, such as
                      the net-baryon number. However, due to experimental
                      limitations, analyses of heavy-ion collision data suffer
                      from a very doubtful basing of the net-proton number being a
                      proxy for the total net-baryon number fluctuations. In this
                      work, we use the parity doublet model to investigate the
                      fluctuations of the net-baryon number density in hot and
                      dense hadronic matter. The model accounts for chiral
                      criticality within the mean-field approximation. We focus on
                      the qualitative properties and systematics of the first- and
                      second-order susceptibility of the net-baryon number
                      density, and their ratios for nucleons of positive and
                      negative parity, as well as their correlator. We show that
                      the fluctuations of the positive-parity nucleon do not
                      necessarily reflect the fluctuations of the total net-baryon
                      number density at the phase boundary of the chiral phase
                      transition. We also investigate the nontrivial structure of
                      the correlator. Furthermore, we discuss and quantify the
                      differences between the fluctuations of the net-baryon
                      number density in the vicinity of the chiral and liquid-gas
                      phase transition in nuclear matter. We indicate a possible
                      relevance of our results with the interpretation of the
                      experimental data on net-proton number fluctuations in
                      heavy-ion collisions.},
      cin          = {EXM},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Ds200)EXM-20080818OR100},
      pnm          = {612 - Cosmic Matter in the Laboratory (POF4-612) /
                      STRONG-2020 - The strong interaction at the frontier of
                      knowledge: fundamental research and applications (824093)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-612 / G:(EU-Grant)824093},
      experiment   = {$EXP:(DE-Ds200)no_experiment-20200803$},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      eprint       = {2308.15794},
      howpublished = {arXiv:2308.15794},
      archivePrefix = {arXiv},
      SLACcitation = {$\%\%CITATION$ = $arXiv:2308.15794;\%\%$},
      UT           = {WOS:001183234700004},
      doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevD.109.014033},
      url          = {https://repository.gsi.de/record/356907},
}