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@INPROCEEDINGS{Bozyk:357443,
      author       = {Bozyk, Lars and Spiller, Peter},
      editor       = {Pilat, Fulvia and Fischer, Wolfram and Saethre, Robert and
                      Anisimov, Petr and Andrian, Ivan},
      title        = {{SIS}18 {O}peration with ${U}^{28+}$},
      publisher    = {JACoW Publishing},
      reportid     = {GSI-2025-00400},
      pages        = {1661-1664 pages1.5 MB},
      year         = {2024},
      note         = {Published by JACoW Publishing under the terms of the
                      Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license.},
      abstract     = {In SIS18 U²⁸⁺ is used to reach highest heavy ion beam
                      intensities for FAIR-operation. The medium charge state
                      avoids losses during stripping processes and shifts the
                      space charge limit to higher number of particles.
                      Nevertheless, these ions are subjected to ionization loss in
                      collisions with residual gas particles. Via ion impact
                      induced gas desorption a feedback between vacuum quality and
                      beam emerges, yielding in a beam intensity limitation. The
                      installation of a charge exchange collimator is one of the
                      several upgrade measures which have been performed to shift
                      this limit. They are equipped with a current measurement
                      system to detect charge exchanged ions, which is routinely
                      used during machine experiments. In this proceeding we
                      present different beam based measurements showing dynamic
                      vacuum effects. The non-linear dependence of the extraction
                      intensity on the number of injected particles, ramp rate,
                      and brake-time for vacuum relaxation will be shown. Stored
                      heavy ion beams were used for charge exchange current
                      measurements. They allow conclusions on the vacuum
                      conditions and are presented as well.},
      month         = {May},
      date          = {2024-05-19},
      organization  = {15th International Particle
                       Accelerator Conference, Nashville
                       (USA), 19 May 2024 - 24 May 2024},
      keywords     = {Accelerator Physics (Other) / mc4-hadron-accelerators -
                      MC4: Hadron Accelerators (Other) / MC4.A04 - MC4.A04
                      Circular Accelerators (Other)},
      cin          = {SYS},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Ds200)SYS-20121002OR231},
      pnm          = {6G14 - GSI-MU Ion Facilities (POF4-6G14)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-6G14},
      experiment   = {$EXP:(DE-Ds200)Experiment_without_proposal_number-20200803$},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)8},
      doi          = {10.18429/JACOW-IPAC2024-TUPS13},
      url          = {https://repository.gsi.de/record/357443},
}