% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded. This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.
@ARTICLE{Abualrob:364030,
author = {Abualrob, Ibrahim Jaser and others},
title = {{S}tudy of $\langle {p}_{\text{{T}}}\rangle $ and its
higher moments, and extraction of the speed of sound in
{P}b-{P}b collisions with {ALICE}},
journal = {Journal of high energy physics},
volume = {11},
number = {11},
issn = {1126-6708},
address = {Heidelberg},
publisher = {Springer},
reportid = {GSI-2026-00213, arXiv:2506.10394. CERN-EP-2025-126},
pages = {76},
year = {2025},
note = {This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0). Article funded by
SCOAP3.},
abstract = {Ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions produce a state of
hot and dense strongly interacting QCD matter called
quark-gluon plasma (QGP). On an event-by-event basis, the
volume of the QGP in ultracentral collisions is mostly
constant, while its total entropy can vary significantly due
to quantum fluctuations, leading to variations in the
temperature of the system. Exploiting this unique feature of
ultracentral collisions allows for the interpretation of the
correlation of the mean transverse momentum $(\langle
{p}_{\text{T}}\rangle )$ of produced charged hadrons and the
number of charged hadrons as a measure for the speed of
sound, c$_{s}$. This speed is related to the rate at which
compression waves travel in the QGP and is determined by
fitting the relative increase in $\langle
{p}_{\text{T}}\rangle $ with respect to the relative change
in the average charged-particle density $(\langle
\text{d}{N}_{\text{ch}}/\text{d}\eta \rangle )$ measured at
mid-rapidity. This study reports the event-average $\langle
{p}_{\text{T}}\rangle $ of charged particles as well as the
variance, skewness, and kurtosis of the event-by-event
transverse momentum per charged particle
$([{p}_{\text{T}}])$ distribution in ultracentral Pb-Pb
collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV per
nucleon pair using the ALICE detector. Different centrality
estimators based on charged-particle multiplicity or the
transverse energy of the event are used to select
ultracentral collisions. By ensuring a pseudorapidity gap
between the region used to define the centrality and the
region used to perform the measurement, the influence of
biases and their potential effects on the rise of the mean
transverse momentum is tested. The measured
${c}_{\text{s}}^{2}$ is found to strongly depend on the
exploited centrality estimator and ranges between
0.1146±0.0028 (stat.)±0.0065 (syst.) and 0.4374±0.0006
(stat.)±0.0184 (syst.) in natural units. The
self-normalized variance shows a steep decrease towards
ultracentral collisions, while the self-normalized skewness
variables show a maximum, followed by a fast decrease. These
non-Gaussian features are understood in terms of the
vanishing of the impact-parameter fluctuations contributing
to the event-to-event [p$_{T}$] distribution.},
keywords = {Heavy Ion Experiments (autogen) / Particle Correlations and
Fluctuations (autogen) / Quark Gluon Plasma (autogen)},
cin = {ALI / DTL / CIT / EXM / ALICE@CERN},
ddc = {530},
cid = {I:(DE-Ds200)ALI-20080822OR105 /
I:(DE-Ds200)DTL-20051214OR031 /
I:(DE-Ds200)CIT-20110310OR121 /
I:(DE-Ds200)EXM-20080818OR100 / I:(DE-Ds200)Coll-CERN-ALICE},
pnm = {612 - Cosmic Matter in the Laboratory (POF4-612) / HGS-HIRe
- HGS-HIRe for FAIR (HGS-HIRe) / SUC-GSI-Heidelberg -
Strategic university cooperation GSI-U Heidelberg
(SUC-GSI-HE) / SUC-GSI-Frankfurt - Strategic university
cooperation GSI-U Frankfurt/M (SUC-GSI-FR) /
SUC-GSI-Darmstadt - Strategic university cooperation GSI-TU
Darmstadt (SUC-GSI-DA) / STRONG-2020 - The strong
interaction at the frontier of knowledge: fundamental
research and applications (824093) / DFG project
G:(GEPRIS)283604770 - SFB 1258: Neutrinos und Dunkle Materie
in der Astro- und Teilchenphysik (NDM) (283604770) / DFG
project G:(GEPRIS)491382106 - Open-Access-Publikationskosten
/ 2025-2027 / GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung
(491382106)},
pid = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-612 / G:(DE-Ds200)HGS-HIRe /
G:(DE-Ds200)SUC-GSI-HE / G:(DE-Ds200)SUC-GSI-FR /
G:(DE-Ds200)SUC-GSI-DA / G:(EU-Grant)824093 /
G:(GEPRIS)283604770 / G:(GEPRIS)491382106},
experiment = {EXP:(DE-H253)LHC-Exp-ALICE-20150101},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
eprint = {2506.10394},
howpublished = {arXiv:2506.10394},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
SLACcitation = {$\%\%CITATION$ = $arXiv:2506.10394;\%\%$},
UT = {WOS:001639225000001},
doi = {10.1007/JHEP11(2025)076},
url = {https://repository.gsi.de/record/364030},
}
guest ::
