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In this dissertation, we explore two major themes related to intense laser-matter interaction. Firstly, we present a comprehensive characterization of the intense THz light and charged particle emission from the rear surface of thin targets during the interaction with ultrashort laser pulses. [...]

Electron coolers utilize high-current electron beams to counteract emittance blow up of hadron beams circling in storage rings with equal velocity, by enveloping the hadrons and transferring their momentum to the electrons in a dedicated cooling section of the accelerator. To achieve effective cooling, electron beams with currents in the Ampere regime are required. [...]

The electric and magnetic form factor of the proton are connected to the distributionof electric charge and electric current inside the proton. As a fundamentalproperty of the proton, the knowledge of the form factors therefore allows to gaininsight into the structure of the proton. [...]

Ultra-high-resolution spectroscopy provides the basis behind multiple scientific fields and in particular, for frequency metrology. The required techniques usually involve optical frequency combs, which are well established in the visible and infrared spectral regions. [...]

This thesis focuses on the study of inorganic scintillating ceramics based on zinc oxide prepared by uni-axial hot pressing in vacuum and doped with different elements such as indium and gallium. The optical and luminescent properties of these samples were tested under heavy-ion irradiation. [...]